Surge in Antacid Use in India Raises Health Concerns

The casual use of antacids among many Indians is raising significant health concerns. A growing number of individuals are taking antacids, such as chewable tablets, after heavy meals or during work breaks. While this practice may provide immediate relief from discomfort, it can lead to serious health issues, including electrolyte imbalances, kidney stress, and increased cardiovascular risk. Recent medical reviews underscore the potential dangers associated with the long-term, unsupervised use of these medications.

Antacids, which encompass a range of products including calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, and sodium bicarbonate, are often used to neutralize stomach acid. While short-term use for occasional heartburn is typically safe, chronic consumption without medical guidance can lead to complications. For instance, aluminium- or calcium-based antacids can cause constipation and bone issues, while individuals with compromised kidney function may face aluminium toxicity. Additionally, magnesium-based antacids can result in diarrhea and elevated magnesium levels, particularly in those with kidney problems. Sodium bicarbonate may lead to metabolic alkalosis and sodium overload, exacerbating conditions such as heart failure or high blood pressure.

The risks associated with prescription medications such as proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) add another layer of concern. These drugs, commonly prescribed for acid reflux, are often taken indefinitely without reevaluation. Large observational studies have linked long-term PPI use to increased risks of chronic kidney disease and acute interstitial nephritis. Moreover, there are potential interactions with medications like clopidogrel, which could elevate the risk of cardiovascular events. While these studies do not establish direct causation, healthcare professionals advise regular assessments for those on PPIs.

The surge in antacid usage in India can be attributed to several factors. Many antacids are inexpensive and available over-the-counter, making them easily accessible. Additionally, cultural habits often associate spicy meals with the need for quick relief from heartburn, encouraging repeated use of these medications. Reports in the media have highlighted the risks associated with masking serious underlying health issues, as symptoms are merely dulled by frequent antacid consumption.

Healthcare experts recommend against self-medicating with antacids on a daily basis. Individuals experiencing frequent heartburn should seek medical advice to explore underlying issues such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), H. pylori infections, and even cardiac conditions. Effective management may include lifestyle modifications, supervised short-term use of PPIs, and monitoring of kidney function for those who rely on antacids long-term.

In conclusion, while antacids can provide relief for digestive discomfort, they should not be treated as casual remedies. It is essential for individuals to use these medications sparingly, investigate persistent symptoms, and consult healthcare professionals to prevent short-term solutions from leading to long-term harm.