One in Three Deaths in India Linked to Cardiovascular Diseases

A recent study reveals that cardiovascular diseases are responsible for a staggering one in three deaths in India. This alarming statistic represents over 30 percent of all fatalities in the country, according to the latest data from the Sample Registration Survey (SRS), published in the report titled Causes of Death: 2021–2023. The findings indicate that non-communicable diseases account for 56.7 percent of all deaths, with communicable, maternal, perinatal, and nutritional conditions contributing 23.4 percent.

The report highlights that during the COVID-19 pandemic years, the percentages were slightly different, with non-communicable diseases accounting for 55.7 percent and the other conditions at 24 percent. Cardiovascular diseases, which include heart attacks and strokes, continue to be the leading cause of mortality in India. Following heart-related issues, respiratory infections account for 9.3 percent, cancers for 6.4 percent, and respiratory diseases for 5.7 percent.

Understanding Cardiovascular Diseases

Cardiovascular disease encompasses various conditions affecting the heart and blood vessels. These diseases can manifest in multiple ways, with individuals potentially experiencing symptoms or remaining asymptomatic. Common issues include the narrowing of blood vessels, congenital heart defects, and irregular heart rhythms.

Several specific conditions fall under the umbrella of cardiovascular diseases, including:

– Arrhythmia
– Valve disease
– Coronary artery disease
– Heart failure
– Peripheral artery disease
– Aortic disease
– Congenital heart disease
– Pericardial disease
– Cerebrovascular disease
– Deep vein thrombosis

Factors Contributing to Rising Heart Disease Rates in India

Experts point to diet as a significant factor in the increasing prevalence of heart disease in India. Consumption of high-fat and fried foods is prevalent, contributing to the risk of developing cardiovascular conditions. Additionally, a sedentary lifestyle, coupled with widespread smoking and alcohol use, exacerbates the situation.

Symptoms of cardiovascular diseases can vary widely based on the underlying cause. While older adults and women may present with more subtle signs, critical symptoms can include:

– Chest pain or discomfort
– Breathlessness
– Dizziness or fainting
– Unexplained fatigue
– Pain or cramps in the legs during physical activity
– Non-healing leg sores
– Changes in skin color on the legs
– Swelling in the legs
– Numbness in facial areas or limbs

The report underscores the urgent need for public health initiatives aimed at addressing the risk factors associated with cardiovascular diseases in India. Awareness campaigns focusing on dietary changes, increased physical activity, and reduced tobacco and alcohol consumption could play a crucial role in reversing these concerning trends.